Although it is usually a long-term condition, effective treatments for bipolar disorder combined with self-help techniques can limit its impact on your everyday life.
Staying active and eating well
Eating well and keeping fit are important for everyone. Exercise can also help reduce the symptoms (particularly depressive symptoms) of bipolar disorder. It may also give you something to focus on and provide a routine, which is important for many people.
A healthy diet combined with exercise may also help limit weight gain, which is a common side effect of medical treatments for bipolar disorder.
Some treatments also increase the risk of developing diabetes or that diabetes gets worse. Maintaining a healthy weight and exercising is an important way of limiting that risk.
You should have a check-up at least once a year to monitor your risk of developing cardiovascular disease or diabetes. This will include recording your weight, checking your blood pressure and having any appropriate blood tests
Read more information about losing weight and improving fitness.
Self care and self management
Self care
Self care is an essential part of daily life. It involves taking responsibility for your own health and wellbeing with support from the people involved in your care. Self care includes staying fit and maintaining good physical and mental health, preventing illness or accidents and caring more effectively for minor ailments and long-term conditions.
People with long-term conditions can benefit enormously from being helped with self care. They can live longer, have less pain, anxiety, depression and fatigue, have a better quality of life and be more active and independent.
Self-management programmes
Self-management programmes aim to help people with bipolar disorder take an active part in their own recovery, so that they’re not controlled by their condition.
One course run by MDF The Bipolar Organisation aims to teach people with bipolar disorder how to manage their illness. The programme includes information about:
- triggers and warning signs
- coping strategies and self-medication
- support networks and action plans
- maintaining a healthy lifestyle
- drawing up an advance directive
- complementary therapies
- action plans
There are other courses, such as those run by the Expert Patients Programme, for mild to moderate mental health conditions.
Courses like these help people who may feel distressed and uncertain about their bipolar disorder to improve their own lives.
Talking about it
Some people with bipolar disorder find it easy to talk to family and friends about their condition and its effects. Other people find it easier to turn to charities and support groups. Many organisations run self-help groups that can put you in touch with other people with the condition. This enables people to share helpful ideas and realise that they’re not alone in feeling the way they do. These organisations also provide online support in forums and blogs.
Some useful charities, support groups and associations include:
Talking therapies are useful for managing bipolar disorder, particularly during periods of stability.
Services that can help
During treatment for bipolar disorder, you may be involved with many different services. Some are accessed through referral from your GP, others through your local authority. These services may include:
- Community mental health teams (CMHT) – these provide the main part of local specialist mental health services. They offer assessment, treatment and social care to people with bipolar disorder and other mental illnesses.
- Early intervention teams – these provide early identification and treatment for people who have the first symptoms of psychosis. Your GP may be able to refer you directly to be seen by an early intervention team.
- Crisis services – these allow people to be treated at home, instead of in hospital, for an acute episode of illness. They’re specialist mental health teams that help with crises that occur outside normal office hours.
- Acute day hospital – these exist in some places as an alternative to inpatient care in a hospital. You can visit every day or as often as necessary.
- Assertive outreach teams – these deliver intensive treatment and rehabilitation in the community for people with severe mental health problems. They provide rapid help in a crisis. Staff often visit people at home and liaise with other services, such as your GP or social services. They can also help with practical problems, such as helping to find housing and work, or doing the shopping and cooking.
Avoiding drugs and alcohol
Some people with bipolar disorder use alcohol or illegal drugs to try to take away their pain and distress. Both have well-known harmful physical and social effects, and they’re not a substitute for effective treatment and good healthcare.
Some people with bipolar disorder find that once they’re on effective treatments, they can stop misusing alcohol and drugs. Others may have separate but related problems of alcohol and drug abuse, which may need to be treated separately.
Avoiding alcohol and drugs is an important part of recovery from episodes of manic, hypomanic or depressive symptoms, and can contribute to periods of stability.
Read more information about alcohol misuse and drug misuse.
Money and benefits
It’s important to avoid too much stress, including work-related stress. If you’re employed, you may be able to work shorter hours or in a more flexible way, particularly if job pressures play a role in episodes of symptoms. Under the Disability Discrimination Act (1995), all employers must make reasonable adjustments to make the employment of people with disabilities possible. This can include people with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder or other mental illnesses.
A range of benefits may be available to people with bipolar disorder who cannot work as a result of their mental illness. These may include:
- Statutory Sick Pay
- Incapacity Benefit
- Disability Living Allowance
- Attendance Allowance
- Carer’s Allowance
- Council Tax Benefit
- Housing Benefit
Want to know more?
- Carers Direct: money and legal
Living with or caring for someone with bipolar disorder
People living with or caring for someone with bipolar disorder can have a tough time. During episodes of illness, the personalities of people with bipolar disorder may change, and they may become abusive or even violent. Sometimes, social workers and the police may become involved. Relationships and family life are likely to feel the strain.
If you’re the nearest relative (as defined by the Mental Health Act 1983) of a person with bipolar disorder, you have certain rights, which can be used to protect the person’s interests. These include requesting that the local social services authority ask an approved mental health professional to consider whether the person with bipolar disorder should be detained in hospital (also known as “sectioning”).
If you’re caring for someone with bipolar disorder, you may feel at a loss. Finding a support group and talking to other people in a similar situation might help.
If you’re having relationship or marriage difficulties, you can contact specialist relationship counsellors who can talk things through with you and your partner.
Want to know more?
- Mind: legal briefing: nearest relatives under the Mental Health Act 1983
- Carers Direct: guide to caring
- Relate: relationship advice
Dealing with suicidal feelings
Having suicidal thoughts is a common depressive symptom of bipolar disorder. Without treatment, these thoughts may get stronger. Some research has shown that the risk of suicide for people with bipolar disorder is 15 to 20 times greater than the general population. Studies have also shown that as many as 25–50% of people with bipolar disorder attempt suicide at least once.
The risk of suicide seems to be higher earlier in the course of the illness, so early recognition and intervention may help prevent it.
If you’re feeling suicidal or you’re having severe depressive symptoms, contact your GP, care co-ordinator or the local mental health emergency services as soon as possible.
If you can’t or don’t want to contact these people, contact the Samaritans on 08457 90 90 90. You can call them 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Alternatively, visit the Samaritans website or email jo@samaritans.org.
Self-harm
Self-harm (sometimes called self-injury) is often a symptom of mental health problems such as bipolar disorder. For some people, self-harm is a way of gaining control over their lives or temporarily distracting themselves from mental distress. It may not be related to suicide or attempted suicide.
Want to know more?
Recommended communities
Online communities help you talk to people, share your experiences and learn from others.
The SANE Discussion Board allows people to share their feelings and provide mutual support to anyone with mental health issues, as well as their friends and family.
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